目 录
项目 1 电路及基本元件测试 ·················································································1
任务 1—1 仪器仪表的认知与使用····································································1
1.1 认识电路·························································································8
1.1.1 电路的基本概念 ·······································································8
1.1.2 描述电路的常见物理量 ······························································9
【拓展知识 1】 测量的知识 ············································································ 12
任务 1—2 电阻元件特性测试········································································ 16
1.2 电阻元件······················································································· 19
1.2.1 电阻的基本概念 ····································································· 19
1.2.2 线性电阻与非线性电阻 ···························································· 20
1.2.3 电导····················································································· 21
1.3 欧姆定律······················································································· 22
【拓展知识 2】 电阻的标注知识 ······································································ 24
任务 1—3 电源元件特性测试········································································ 26
1.4 理想电源······················································································· 28
1.4.1 理想电压源············································································ 28
1.4.2 理想电流源············································································ 32
1.5 实际电源······················································································· 35
1.5.1 实际电压源············································································ 35
1.5.2 实际电流源············································································ 36
1.6 电压源与电流源的等效互换······························································· 37
【拓展知识 3】 受控源的知识 ········································································· 39
任务 1—4 电容元件特性测试········································································ 40
1.7 电容元件······················································································· 43
1.7.1 电容的基本概念 ····································································· 43
1.7.2 电容元件的功率和储能 ···························································· 46
1.7.3 电容的串/并联········································································ 47
【拓展知识 4】 电容器的选取 ········································································· 49
任务 1—5 电感元件特性测试········································································ 51
1.8 电感元件······················································································· 52
1.8.1 电感的基本概念 ····································································· 52
1.8.2 电感的功率和储能 ·································································· 55
1.8.3 电感的串/并联········································································ 56
任务 1—6 基尔霍夫定律验证测试·································································· 59
1.9 电路中的电位与电压的关系······························································· 63 
VI
1.10 基尔霍夫定律 ··············································································· 66
【拓展知识 5】 线图理论与基尔霍夫定律公式的独立性 ········································ 70
项目总结···································································································· 74
自测练习 1 ································································································· 77
项目 2 电路的等效变换与分析测试 ······································································ 80
任务 2—1 电阻等效变换的分析与测试···························································· 80
2.1 等效的概念···················································································· 82
2.2 电阻串/并联··················································································· 82
2.3 电阻的混联···················································································· 84
【拓展知识 6】 电阻串/并联的应用—电表的改装 ············································· 86
任务 2—2 电源的等效变换探究与测试···························································· 88
2.4 电源的串/并联················································································ 89
2.5 两种实际电源模型的等效变换···························································· 91
【拓展知识 7】 受控源的介绍 ········································································· 92
任务 2—3 支路电流法应用··········································································· 93
【拓展知识 8】 网孔电流法··········································································· 96
任务 2—4 叠加定理的应用和验证·································································· 97
任务 2—5 戴维南定理的应用和验证······························································101
【拓展知识 9】 诺顿定理 ··············································································106
项目总结···································································································107
自测练习 2 ································································································109
项目 3 正弦稳态电路分析及实践 ········································································ 111
任务 3—1 单相正弦交流电的了解和测量························································ 111
3.1 单相正弦交流电·············································································113
3.1.1 正弦交流电路中的物理量 ························································113
3.1.2 正弦信号的相量表示法 ···························································116
【拓展知识 10】 相量形式的基尔霍夫定律························································121
任务 3—2 单相正弦交流稳态电路的相量法分析···············································122
3.2 交流元件的相量模型·······································································125
3.2 阻抗与导纳···················································································127
【拓展知识 11】 RLC 并联电路、三表法测电路元件参数的理论····························131
任务 3—3 正弦交流电路中的功率·································································133
【拓展知识 12】 家用照明电路的工作原理························································139
任务 3—4 家庭照明电路操作技能·································································141
3.4 家庭照明电路操作技能····································································146
3.4.1 导线的连接与绝缘的恢复 ························································146
3.4.2 室内电路配线方法 ·································································149
3.4.3 常用照明附件及安装 ······························································150 
VII
【拓展知识 13】 电工安全用电知识·································································154
项目总结···································································································155
自测练习 3 ································································································157
项目 4 串/并联谐振电路分析及实践 ····································································160
任务 4—1 输入回路分析与设计（串联谐振电路）············································160
4.1 RLC 串联谐振电路 ·········································································163
4.1.1 RLC 串联谐振电路的定义和特点···············································163
4.1.2 串联谐振的功率 ····································································166
4.1.3 串联谐振电路的频率特性 ························································168
【拓展知识 14】 通频带的测量方法·································································170
任务 4—2 放大选频回路电路分析与设计（并联谐振电路）································171
4.2 RLC 并联谐振电路 ·········································································172
4.2.1 RLC 并联谐振电路的定义和特点···············································172
4.2.2 并联谐振的功率 ····································································176
4.2.3 并联谐振电路的频率特性 ························································177
【拓展知识 15】 小信号调谐放大器·································································178
项目总结···································································································179
自测练习 4 ································································································180
项目 5 三相电路分析及实践 ··············································································183
任务 5—1 对称三相电路的认识与测量···························································183
5.1 对称三相电源················································································187
5.1.1 对称三相电源的定义 ······························································187
5.1.2 对称三相电源的连接 ······························································188
5.2 对称三相负载的连接·······································································189
5.3 对称三相电路的功率测量和相序的判定···············································192
【拓展知识 16】 电气知识—三相四线制和三相五线制······································196
任务 5—2 不对称三相电路的认识与测量························································198
5.4 不对称三相电路·············································································201
【拓展知识 17】 零线和地线··········································································205
项目总结···································································································206
自测练习 5 ································································································207
项目 6 动态电路的分析及实践 ···········································································210
任务 6—1 RC 充放电电路的认识与分析·························································210
6.1 动态电路与换路定则·······································································214
6.2 一阶电路的三要素分析法·································································215
【拓展知识 18】 电子闪光灯··········································································218
任务 6—2 RC 积分、微分电路的仿真与分析···················································219 
VIII
6.3 积分电路······················································································221
6.4 微分电路······················································································221
【拓展知识 19】 RC 耦合电路········································································223
项目总结···································································································224
自测练习 6 ································································································225
项目 7 非正弦周期电流电路的分析与测试 ····························································228
任务 7—1 非正弦周期信号的分析与测试························································228
7.1 非正弦周期信号的产生和表示方法·····················································235
7.2 非正弦周期量的有效值、平均值和平均功率·········································236
任务 7—2 非正弦周期电流电路的分析与测试··················································238
7.3 非正弦周期电流电路的分析······························································239
【拓展知识 20】 谐波电压、电流条件下有功功率的计算······································240
项目总结···································································································241
自测练习 7 ································································································241
项目 8 变压器的认知与使用 ··············································································244
任务 8—1 互感线圈的了解与检测·································································244
8.1 互感与互感电压·············································································248
8.2 线圈的同名端及判定·······································································250
8.3 耦合线圈的串联·············································································252
【拓展知识 21】 耦合线圈的并联····································································252
任务 8—2 变压器的认知与测试 ··································································253
8.4 初识变压器···················································································256
8.5 理想变压器···················································································258
【拓展知识 22】 其他变压器及变压器常见的故障及检修方法································260
项目总结···································································································265
自测练习 8 ································································································266
项目自测题答案································································································269